Cybersecurity Fundamentals

Cybersecurity Fundamentals

The Cybersecurity Fundamentals course offers a comprehensive introduction to the field, guiding learners through key topics like the evolution and importance of cybersecurity, core principles (such as the CIA Triad), and prevalent threats like malware and phishing. Students will delve into crucial defense mechanisms including firewalls and identity management, as well as emerging challenges in areas like IoT and cloud security. They will learn how to create secure networks, safeguard sensitive data, and handle incidents effectively with proper response strategies. Compliance with key frameworks and regulations will also be covered. By the end of the course, learners will be equipped with foundational knowledge and practical skills through assessments and projects, empowering them to build robust cybersecurity defenses.

Course Outline

Module 1: Introduction to Cybersecurity

1.1 What is Cybersecurity?

Definition and scope of cybersecurity, covering the protection of internet-connected systems, including hardware, software, and data, from cyberattacks.

1.2 Importance of Cybersecurity

Discussion on the critical role of cybersecurity in protecting personal information, business data, and national security.

1.3 History and Evolution of Cybersecurity

Overview of the development of cybersecurity practices from the early days of computing to the present.

1.4 Current Threat Landscape

Examination of the modern threats facing individuals and organizations, including the most common types of cyberattacks.

Module 2: Core Principles of Cybersecurity

2.1 Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability (CIA Triad)

Introduction to the foundational principles of cybersecurity that ensure data is protected from unauthorized access, alteration, and is available when needed.

2.2 Authentication, Authorization, and Accountability (AAA)

Explanation of the mechanisms that ensure only authorized users have access to systems, track their actions, and hold them accountable.

2.3 Risk Management Basics

Basics of identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks to information systems.

Module 3: Types of Cyber Threats

3.1 Malware (Viruses, Worms, Ransomware, etc.)

Understanding malicious software designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems.

3.2 Phishing and Social Engineering Attacks

Techniques used by attackers to deceive individuals into providing confidential information.

3.3 Network Attacks (DoS, DDoS)

Overview of attacks aimed at disrupting the normal traffic of a targeted server, service, or network by overwhelming the target with a flood of internet traffic.

3.4 Insider Threats

Threats posed by individuals within an organization who have access to critical data and systems.

Module 4: Cyber Defense Mechanisms

4.1 Firewalls and Network Security

Devices or software that monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

4.2 Antivirus and Anti-Malware Tools

Software designed to detect, prevent, and remove malicious software.

4.3 Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems

Systems that monitor networks or systems for malicious activity or policy violations and take action to prevent or mitigate damage.

4.4 Endpoint Security Strategies

Approaches to protecting devices such as desktops, laptops, and mobile devices from cyber threats.

Module 5: Identity and Access Management (IAM)

5.1 Principles of IAM

The policies, procedures, and tools used to manage digital identities and control access to resources.

5.2 Authentication Mechanisms (Passwords, MFA, Biometrics)

Methods for verifying the identity of users attempting to access systems.

5.3 Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

System for restricting access to authorized users based on their role within an organization.

5.4 Identity Governance and Lifecycle

Processes for managing the identity lifecycle from creation to deletion, ensuring compliance with policies and regulations.

Module 6: Secure Network Design

6.1 Network Segmentation and Zoning

Techniques for dividing a network into segments or zones to improve security and performance.

6.2 Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)

Technology that creates a secure, encrypted connection over a less secure network, typically the internet.

6.3 Zero Trust Network Architecture

Security model that assumes no part of the network is secure and requires verification for every access request.

6.4 Secure Wireless Networks

Practices and technologies for securing wireless network connections.

Module 7: Application Security

7.1 Secure Software Development Lifecycle (SSDLC)

Processes and practices for integrating security into every phase of software development.

7.2 Common Application Vulnerabilities (OWASP Top 10)

Overview of the most critical security risks to web applications as identified by the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP).

7.3 Web Application Firewalls

Security systems that monitor, filter, and block HTTP traffic to and from a web application.

7.4 API Security

Practices and technologies for securing Application Programming Interfaces (APIs).

Module 8: Data Security and Privacy

8.1 Data Classification and Encryption

Methods for categorizing data based on its sensitivity and protecting it with encryption.

8.2 Data Loss Prevention (DLP)

Technologies and strategies for preventing the unauthorized transmission of sensitive data.

8.3 Privacy Principles and Regulations (GDPR, CCPA)

Overview of major data privacy laws and principles, including the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA).

8.4 Secure Data Storage and Transfer

Practices for ensuring data is securely stored and transmitted.

Module 9: Incident Response and Management

9.1 Incident Response Process and Plans

Steps for preparing for, detecting, responding to, and recovering from cybersecurity incidents.

9.2 Digital Forensics and Evidence Handling

Techniques for investigating cyber incidents and handling digital evidence.

9.3 Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery

Strategies for maintaining business operations and recovering from disruptions caused by cyber incidents.

9.4 Post-Incident Analysis and Improvements

Processes for analyzing incidents after they occur and implementing improvements to prevent future incidents.

Module 10: Cybersecurity Compliance and Governance

10.1 Cybersecurity Frameworks (NIST, ISO 27001)

Overview of major cybersecurity frameworks and standards.

10.2 Regulatory Requirements (HIPAA, PCI-DSS)

Discussion of specific regulatory requirements for protecting sensitive information.

10.3 Security Policies, Procedures, and Standards

Guidance on developing and implementing organizational security policies and procedures.

10.4 Audit and Compliance Management

Processes for ensuring compliance with security policies and regulatory requirements.

Module 11: Emerging Trends and Technologies

11.1 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Security

Application of AI and ML technologies to enhance cybersecurity defenses.

11.2 Internet of Things (IoT) Security

Challenges and solutions for securing IoT devices and networks.

11.3 Cloud Security Basics

Introduction to securing cloud environments and services.

11.4 Quantum Computing and its Impact on Cybersecurity

Potential effects of quantum computing on current cryptographic systems and cybersecurity practices.

Module 12: Project and Assessment

Comprehensive Multiple-Choice Examination

Capstone Project (e.g., Develop a Secure Network Architecture or Create a Threat Intelligence Report)